List of sovereign states by natural increase

The rate of natural increase is defined as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate. It is expressed as a rate per 1,000 population.

The birth rates[1] and death rates[2] in columns one and two are the CIA World Factbook estimates for the year 2022 unless otherwise noted, rounded to the nearest tenth (except for Mayotte and the Falkland Islands with 2010 and 2012 estimates respectively). The natural increase rate in column three is calculated from the rounded values of columns one and two. Rates are the average annual number of births or deaths during a year per 1,000 persons; these are also known as crude birth or death rates.

Column four is from the UN Population Division [3] and shows a projection for the average natural increase rate for the time period shown using the medium fertility variant. Blank cells in column four indicate lack of data.

Country or subnational area	Crude birth rate	Crude death rate	Natural increase rate	Natural increase rate (2015–20)[4]
Niger	47.1	9.9	37.2	37.9
Uganda	40.9	5	35.9	31.8
Angola	41.8	8	33.8	32.6
Benin	41.2	8	33.2	27.4
Mali	41.1	8.5	32.6	32
Democratic Republic of the Congo	40.1	7.9	32.2	31.8
Mayotte (France)	38.76[n 1]	7.05	31.71	25.6
Chad	40.5	9.5	31	30.2
Liberia	36.6	6.6	30	25.6
Burundi	35.2	6	29.2	31.2
Guinea-Bissau	36.5	7.5	29	25.7
Zambia	34.9	6.1	28.8	29.7
Tanzania	33.3	5.1	28.2	30.4
South Sudan	37.7	9.5	28.2	24.6
Cameroon	35.5	7.7	27.8	26.3
Guinea	35.7	8.1	27.6	26
Mozambique	37.5	10.3	27.2	29.1
Sudan	33.5	6.3	27.2	25.1
Togo	31.9	5.3	26.6	24.8
Senegal	31.5	5.1	26.4	28.9
Somalia	38	11.6	26.4	30.9
Burkina Faso	33.6	7.7	25.9	29.9
Nigeria	34.2	8.7	25.5	26.1
East Timor	30.9	5.6	25.3
Ethiopia	30.5	5.7	24.8	25.9
Gaza Strip	27.7	2.9	24.8
Zimbabwe	33.1	8.8	24.3	22.8
Papua New Guinea	29	5.5	23.5	19.8
Republic of the Congo	31.8	8.4	23.4	26.3
Malawi	27.9	4.6	23.3	27.5
Afghanistan	35.5	12.3	23.2	26.3
Gambia	28.8	5.8	23	30.8
Sierra Leone	32.2	9.3	22.9	21.8
Madagascar	28.7	6	22.7	26.7
Ghana	28.6	6.1	22.5	22.2
São Tomé and Príncipe	28.2	6.2	22	26.9
Kenya	26.4	5	21.4	23.4
Central African Republic	32.8	11.8	21	23
West Bank	24.4	3.4	21
Equatorial Guinea	30	9	21	24
Iraq	24.7	3.9	20.8	24.3
Côte d'Ivoire	28.3	7.6	20.7	25.7
Mauritania	28.1	7.4	20.7	26.6
Rwanda	26.4	5.9	20.5	26.8
Pakistan	26.5	6	20.5	21.5
Gabon	26	5.7	20.3	25.1
Eritrea	27	6.7	20.3	23.4
Jordan	22.6	3.5	19.1	18.2
Yemen	24.6	5.6	19	24.7
Oman	22.1	3.2	18.9	17.2
Solomon Islands	22.7	4	18.7	28.5
Syria	22.7	4.2	18.5
Namibia	25	6.9	18.1	20.6
Libya	21.6	3.5	18.1	13.9
Marshall Islands	22	4.3	17.7
Vanuatu	21.6	4	17.6	24.5
Guatemala	22.3	4.9	17.4	20
Belize	21.3	3.9	17.4	16.8
Egypt	21.5	4.3	17.2	20.7
Comoros	22.5	6.6	15.9	24.8
Philippines	22.3	6.4	15.9	14.7
Kuwait	17.8	2.3	15.5	11.7
Tonga	20.3	5	15.3	17.3
Djibouti	22.3	7.1	15.2	14.6
Tajikistan	20.7	5.7	15	26.3
Nauru	21.1	6.3	14.8
Tuvalu	22.7	8	14.7
Laos	20.9	6.4	14.5
Algeria	18.5	4.3	14.2	20
Micronesia	18.4	4.2	14.2	16.3
Haiti	21.1	7.2	13.9	16
Samoa	19.2	5.4	13.8	19.3
Eswatini	23.4	9.7	13.7	10.8
Cambodia	19.3	5.8	13.5	16.7
Kyrgyzstan	19.5	6.1	13.4	18.7
Honduras	17.9	4.7	13.2	17.4
Kiribati	20.1	6.9	13.2	21.7
Cape Verde	18.5	5.8	12.7
Guam (US)	18.6	6	12.6	11.4
Israel	17.4	5.1	12.3	15.1
Brunei	16.1	3.8	12.3	10.6
Bangladesh	17.7	5.5	12.2	12.8
Bolivia	18.6	6.5	12.1	15.1
Lesotho	23.2	11.1	12.1	12.7
El Salvador	17.9	5.9	12	11.4
Nepal	17.5	5.6	11.9	13.6
Panama	18	6.1	11.9	14
Dominican Republic	18	6.3	11.7	13.6
Turkmenistan	17.5	6	11.5	16.9
Paraguay	16.3	4.9	11.4	15.2
Maldives	15.5	4.2	11.3	11.6
Nicaragua	16.5	5.2	11.3	15.8
Ecuador	16.5	5.2	11.3	14.8
Botswana	20.3	9.1	11.2	19.3
Morocco	17.4	6.6	10.8	14
Saudi Arabia	14.2	3.4	10.8	15.5
American Samoa (US)	16.7	6.1	10.6
Venezuela	17.3	6.8	10.5	11.1
Fiji	16.6	6.4	10.2	13.3
Uzbekistan	15.5	5.4	10.1	16
Iran	15.3	5.2	10.1	14.2
Northern Mariana Islands (US)	15.5	5.4	10.1
Turks and Caicos Islands (UK)	13.5	3.5	10
Vietnam	15.7	5.8	9.9	10.7
Guyana	16.7	6.9	9.8	12.6
Bhutan	15.9	6.2	9.7	11.2
Bahrain	12.4	2.8	9.6	11.8
Mongolia	15.8	6.3	9.5	18.1
Antigua and Barbuda	15.2	5.7	9.5	9.1
Saint Martin (France)	14.1	4.6	9.5
Costa Rica	14.3	4.9	9.4	9.1
South Africa	18.6	9.3	9.3	11.1
United Arab Emirates	10.8	1.6	9.2	8.9
Burma	16.3	7.1	9.2	9.5
Malaysia	14.6	5.7	8.9	11.8
Suriname	15.4	6.6	8.8	11.3
Indonesia	15.3	6.8	8.5	11.8
Jamaica	15.9	7.4	8.5	8.7
Argentina	15.6	7.3	8.3	9.5
Tunisia	14.6	6.4	8.2	11.5
New Caledonia (France)	14.1	5.9	8.2	8.6
Bahamas (UK)	14.6	6.4	8.2	7.3
Turkey	14.3	6.1	8.2	10.8
Qatar	9.3	1.4	7.9	8.5
French Polynesia (France)	13.5	5.6	7.9	9.2
Lebanon	13.1	5.6	7.5	13.3
Colombia	15.2	7.7	7.5	9.5
Anguilla (UK)	12	4.6	7.4
Sri Lanka	13.8	6.5	7.3	9.4
Kazakhstan	15.4	8.1	7.3	14.2
Brazil	14	6.8	7.2	7.7
Kosovo	14.9	8.1	6.8
Azerbaijan	13.6	6.9	6.7	8.7
India	16.8	10.3	6.5	11.7
Sint Maarten (Netherlands)	12.6	6.1	6.5
Wallis and Futuna (France)	12.3	5.8	6.5
Iceland	13	6.6	6.4	5.4
Faroe Islands (Denmark)	14.9	8.6	6.3
Chile	12.8	6.5	6.3	6.3
Falkland Islands (UK) [n 2]	10.9	4.9	6
Peru	17.2	11.3	5.9	12.6
New Zealand	12.8	6.9	5.9	5.7
Mexico	13.6	7.7	5.9	11.8
Dominica	13.9	8.1	5.8
Cayman Islands (UK)	11.7	6	5.7
Grenada	13.9	8.3	5.6
Ireland	12.3	6.7	5.6	7
British Virgin Islands (UK)	11	5.4	5.6
Australia	12.3	6.8	5.5	6.3
Seychelles	12.4	6.9	5.5	9
Albania	12.7	7.3	5.4	4
Gibraltar (UK)	13.9	8.8	5.1
Singapore	9.1	4	5.1	4.3
Montserrat	10.9	5.9	5
Saint Kitts and Nevis	12.2	7.3	4.9
Greenland (Denmark)	13.8	9	4.8
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	12.3	7.5	4.8
North Korea	14.2	9.5	4.7
Jersey	12.4	7.8	4.6
Curaçao (Netherlands)	13.2	8.7	4.5
Luxembourg	11.6	7.2	4.4	3.5
Macau (China)	9.1	4.7	4.4
Norway	12	8	4	3.1
Saint Lucia	12	8.1	3.9	5
United States	12.3	8.4	3.9	3.3
Cyprus	10.6	6.9	3.7	3.6
Uruguay	12.7	9.2	3.5	4.5
Cook Islands (New Zealand)	12.6	9.1	3.5
Palau	11.5	8.3	3.2
Aruba	11.8	8.6	3.2	2.7
Barbados	10.8	8	2.8	3.1
U.S. Virgin Islands	11.6	8.8	2.8	3.3
Trinidad and Tobago	10.8	8.4	2.4	4.8
Thailand	10.1	7.8	2.3	2.9
Liechtenstein	10.3	8	2.3
France	11.7	9.5	2.2	2
Canada	10.2	8.1	2.1	2.7
China	9.9	7.9	2	4.8
Switzerland	10.4	8.4	2	2.3
Bermuda (UK)	11	9.1	1.9
Netherlands	11	9.2	1.8	1.4
United Kingdom	10.8	9.1	1.7	2.2
Denmark	11.2	9.5	1.7	1
Armenia	11.1	9.5	1.6	4.3
Sweden	10.8	9.5	1.3	2.7
Belgium	11	9.6	1.4	1.1
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (UK)	9.3	8.1	1.2
Malta	9.7	8.5	1.2	1
Mauritius	9.9	8.9	1	1.9
Montenegro	11.2	10.3	0.9	1.1
North Macedonia	10.5	9.6	0.9	1.3
Cuba	10.1	9.3	0.8	1.3
Guernsey (UK)	9.8	9.2	0.6
Isle of Man (UK)	10.6	10.2	0.4
Saint Barthelemy (France)	9.3	9	0.3
Georgia	11	10.8	0.2	0.7
San Marino	8.9	8.8	0.1
Finland	10.4	10.4	0	0.4
Hong Kong (China)	8	8	0	4.5
South Korea	6.9	7.1	-0.2	1.5
Austria	9.5	9.9	-0.4	0.1
Taiwan	7.4	7.9	-0.5	0.9
Andorra	6.9	7.9	-1
Slovakia	8.9	10.1	-1.2	0.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	8.4	10.3	-1.9	-2.4
Puerto Rico	7.9	9.8	-1.9	-2
Slovenia	8.3	10.4	-2.1	-0.2
Czechia	8.6	10.7	-2.1
Poland	8.5	10.7	-2.2	-0.2
Moldova	10.2	12.5	-2.3	-1.5
Germany	9.1	12	-2.9	-1.7
Portugal	8	10.9	-2.9	-2.8
Spain	7.1	10.2	-3.1	-0.5
Belarus	9.1	12.9	-3.8	-0.7
Russia	9.5	13.4	-3.9	0.1
Monaco	6.7	10.7	-4
Croatia	8.7	12.9	-4.2
Hungary	8.7	12.9	-4.2	-3
Estonia	8.8	13.1	-4.3	-1.3
Italy	7	11.3	-4.3	-2.8
Greece	7.6	12	-4.4	-3
Japan	7	11.6	-4.6	-2.9
Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France)	6.5	11.2	-4.7
Ukraine	9	13.8	-4.8	-5.6
Lithuania	9.3	15.1	-5.8	-3.2
Latvia	8.7	14.7	-6	-3.8
Bulgaria	8.1	14.4	-6.3	-6.4
Romania	8.8	15.3	-6.5	-3.2

The table below assembles history and projections for the major regions shown. The numbers show total births minus total deaths per 1,000 population for the region for each time period. The first four columns show actual rate of natural increase. The remaining columns show projections using the medium fertility variant. All numbers are from the UN Population Division.[4]

• Demographics of the world
• List of countries by population growth rate