List of Charadriiformes by population

This is a list of Charadriiformes species by global population. While numbers are estimates, they have been made by the experts in their fields.

The population of birds
Lists

Anseriformes (waterfowl)
Apodiformes (swifts and hummingbirds)
Caprimulgiformes (nightjars and relatives)
Charadriiformes (gulls and relatives)
Ciconiiformes (storks and relatives)
Columbiformes (doves and pigeons)
Coraciiformes (kingfishers and relatives)
Cuculiformes (cuckoos and relatives)
Falconiformes (falcons and relatives)
Galliformes (gamebirds)
Gaviiformes (loons or divers)
Gruiformes (cranes and relatives)
Passeriformes (perching birds)
Pelecaniformes (pelicans and relatives)
Phoenicopteriformes (flamingos)
Piciformes (woodpeckers and relatives)
Podicipediformes (grebes)
Procellariiformes (albatrosses and petrels)
Psittaciformes (parrots)
Sphenisciformes (penguins)
Strigiformes (owls)
Struthioniformes (ratites)
Tinamiformes (tinamous)
Trogoniformes (trogons and quetzals)
Key

Conservation status

  Extinct in the wild (EW)
  Critically endangered (CR)
  Endangered (EN)
  Vulnerable (VU)
  Near threatened (NT)
  Least concern (LC)
  Data deficient (DD)
Related
Lists of organisms by population
Lists of mammals by population
List of Late Quaternary prehistoric bird species
List of extinct birds
Lists of birds by region

Charadriiformes (Charadrius being Latin for "plover") is the taxonomic order to which the waders, gulls, and auks belong. BirdLife International has assessed 352 species; 181 (51% of total species) have had their population estimated. Bird taxonomy is currently in a state of flux, much wider in scope than the complications arising from the realization that birds are dinosaurs, and a full scientific consensus on the division of orders has yet to be settled upon.[1] The Charadriiformes, for example, are grouped with the Ciconiiformes in the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy.[2] In the interest of standardization this article, along with the rest of the Wikipedia Bird Population lists, is split along the taxonomic system used by BirdLife, which is both the Earth's largest partnership of conservation organizations, and the assessment team for birds on the IUCN Red List.[3][4] This is not an endorsement of any one taxonomic system, and it may change in the future as new relationships are brought to light.

A variety of methods are used for counting Charadriiformes. For example, the piping plover is subject to the quinquennial Piping Plover International Census, which is carried out in 9 Canadian provinces, 32 US states, Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. In the 2006 survey, Saskatchewan alone had 159 volunteers scour 294 waterbodies.[5][6] The mountain plover has had its nests counted through the drive transect method. Once density has been calculated, the numbers are extrapolated over a bird's range.[7] For more information on how these estimates were ascertained, see Wikipedia's articles on population biology and population ecology.

Species which can no longer be included in a list of this nature include the Tahiti sandpiper, which was only recorded in 1777, and is suspected to have fallen prey to introduced egg-eating rats.[8] The same fate awaited the white-winged sandpiper.[9] The Canarian oystercatcher was reported vanished by 1940, believed to have been the result of overfishing of its sustenance.[10] The feathers of the great auk made excellent pillows, and egg collectors were so successful in their hobby that the last specimen in Britain was seen in 1840 on Stac an Armin, Scotland. This was beaten to death by three men believing it to be a witch.[11][12]

The continued existence of some species has yet to be confirmed either way. The Javan lapwing, for example, has not had a confirmed sighting since 1940, but unconfirmed reports continue to give hope that the last individual has yet to die.[13] The last confirmed sightings of the Eskimo curlew were in the early 1980s, but scientists would rather not issue a former declaration of extinction until surveying of all potential breeding locations is completed.[14] The slender-billed curlew (included in the list below) was considered "very common" in the early 1800s, rare by the early 1900s. The bird was recorded 103 times between 1980 and 1990, and 74 times between 1990 and 1999. The last confirmed recording of the slender-billed curlew was in April 2001.[15]

Critically Endangered means a species has experienced a decline of at least 80% in the past ten years or three generations, or is projected to decline that much over the same period of time.[16] A species' continued existence does not necessarily mean the bird can be salvaged, as it may have already passed the minimum viable population.

Species by global population
Common name Binomial name Population Status Trend Notes Image
Javan lapwing Vanellus macropterus 0-49[17] CR[17] Decrease[17] Last confirmed sighted was in 1939.[17]
Eskimo curlew Numenius borealis 0-49[18] CR[18] Unknown[18] Last confirmed sighting in 1960s.[18]
Slender-billed curlewNumenius tenuirostris1-49[19]CR[19]Decrease[19]No recent sightings; may be extinct.[19]
Black stiltHimantopus novaezelandiae1-49[20]CR[20]Increase[20]Estimate is for mature individuals only.[20]
New caledonian buttonquail Turnix novaecaledoniae 1-49[21] CR[21] Unknown[21] May be extinct. Last sighting was in early 1900s.[21]
Buff-breasted buttonquail Turnix olivii 1-250[22] CR[22] Unknown[22] Best estimate is 1-49 mature individuals. May be extinct; last verifiable sighting was in the 1920s.[22]
Brown-chested lapwing Vanellus superciliosus 1-25,000[23] LC[23] Unknown[23] Tentatively equal to 10,000-19,999. Wide estimate comes from uncertainty of threats to species.[23]
Chinese crested ternThalasseus bernsteini30-49[24]CR[24]Decrease[24]
Jerdon's courserRhinoptilus bitorquatus70-400[25]CR[25]Decrease[25]Equal to 50-249 mature individuals.[25]
New Zealand ploverCharadrius obscurus120[26]CR[26]Decrease[26]Equal to 60-80 mature individuals.[26]
Shore dotterelThinornis novaeseelandiae170[27]EN[27]Increase[27]Estimate for mature individuals only. Recent estimates found breeding populations to be 85 pairs.[27]
Chatham oystercatcherHaematopus chathamensis200-249[28]EN[28]Steady[28]Estimate is for mature individuals only.[28]
Spoon-billed sandpiper Calidris pygmaea 240-620[29] CR[29] Decrease[29] Estimate for mature individuals only. Best estimate is 490 mature individuals.[29]
Plains-wanderer Pedionomus torquatus 251-1,000; 5,000[30] EN[30] Decrease[30] Minimum and maximum estimates are for mature individuals only. There is much uncertainty regarding the estimate.[30]
Australian painted-snipeRostratula australis270-410[31]EN [31]Decrease[31]Best estimate is of 340 mature individuals.[31]
Saint Helena ploverCharadrius sanctaehelenae545[32]CR[32]Increase[32]Estimate is exact count from a recent survey for mature individuals only.[32]
Black-bellied ternSterna acuticauda900-1,100[33]EN[33]Decrease[33]Estimate for mature individuals only. Broader range of population estimated at 800-1,600. The estimate ot the left is the best available. Species needs further study due to severe declines in population in recent decades.[33]
Lava gullLarus fuliginosus900-1,200[34]VU[34]Increase[34]Equal to 600-800 mature individuals. May be an overestimate.[34]
Madagascar jacanaActophilornis albinucha975-2,064[35]EN[35]Decrease[35]Equal to 780-1,643 mature individuals.[35]
Snares island snipe Coenocorypha huegeli 1,000-1,500[36] NT[36] Steady[36] Estimate is for mature individuals only.[36]
Nordmann's greenshankTringa guttifer1,000-2,000[37]EN[37]Decrease[37]Equal to 600-1,300 mature individuals. [37]
Peruvian ternSternula lorata1,000-2,499[38]EN[38]Decrease[38]Equal to 667-1,666 mature individuals.[38]
Black-fronted ternChlidonias albostriatus1,000-5,000[39]EN[39]Decrease[39]Estimate for mature individuals only.[39]
Andean lapwingVanellus resplendens1,000-10,000[40]LC[40]Steady[40]Equal to 670-6,700 mature individuals.[40]
Belcher's gullLarus belcheri1,000-10,000[41]LC[41]Increase[41]
Snowy-crowned ternSterna trudeaui1,000-10,000[42]LC[42]Steady[42]Equal to 670-6,700 mature individuals.[42]
Tawny-throated dotterelOreopholus ruficollis1,000-10,000[43]LC[43]Decrease[43]Equal to 670-6,700 mature individuals.[43]
Long-billed plover Charadrius placidus 1,000-25,000[44] LC[44] Decrease[44] Equal to 670-17,000 mature individuals.[44]
Tuamotu sandpiperProsobonia parvirostris1,300[45]EN [45]Decrease[45]Minimum estimate. Equal to 900 mature individuals.[45]
Javan plover Charadrius javanicus 2,000-6,000[46] LC[46] Steady[46] Equal to 1,333-4,000 mature individuals. Population size now considered to be larger.[46]
Damara ternSternula balaenarum2,200-5,700[47]LC[47]Decrease[47]Estimate for mature individuals only.[47]
Chilean skua Catharacta chilensis 2,500-9,999[48] LC[48] Steady[48] Estimate for mature individuals only. Tentative estimate.[48]
Fairy tern Sternula nereis 2,500-9,999[49] VU[49] Decrease[49] Estimate for mature individuals only.[49]
Spot-breasted lapwingVanellus melanocephalus2,500-9,999[50]LC[50]Unknown[50]Estimate for mature individuals only. Tentative estimate.[50]
Diademed ploverPhegornis mitchellii2,500-9,999[51]NT[51]Decrease[51]Equal to 1,667-6,666 mature individuals.[51]
Fuegian snipeGallinago stricklandii2,500-9,999[52]NT[52]Decrease[52]Equal to 1,500-7,000 mature individuals.[52]
Magellanic ploverPluvianellus socialis2,500-9,999[53]NT[53]Steady[53]Equal to 1,667-6,666 mature individuals.[53]
Madagascar snipeGallinago macrodactyla2,500-9,999[54]VU[54]Decrease[54]Estimate is for mature individuals only.[54]
Chatham snipeCoenocorypha pusilla2,700-3,300[55]VU[55]Steady[55]Equal to 1,800-2,200 mature individuals.[55]
Madagascar ploverCharadrius thoracicus2,700-3,500[56]VU[56]Decrease[56]Equal to 1,800-2,300 mature individuals.[56]
Black-breasted buttonquail Turnix melanogaster 3,000-6,500[57] VU[57] Decrease[57] Best estimate is 4,800 mature individuals.[57]
Kerguelen ternSterna virgata3,500-6,500[58]NT[58]Steady[58]Equal to 2,300-4,300 mature individuals.[58]
Sumba buttonquail Turnix everetti 3,500-15,000[59] VU[59] Decrease[59] Equal to 2,500-9,999 mature individuals.[59]
Amami woodcockScolopax mira3,500-15,000[60]VU[60]Steady[60]Equal to 2,500-9,999 mature individuals.[60]
Wood snipeGallinago nemoricola3,500-15,000[61]VU[61]Decrease[61]Equal to 2,500-9,999 mature individuals.[61]
Indian skimmerRynchops albicollis3,700-4,400[62]EN[62]Decrease[62]Equal to 2,450-2,900 mature individuals.[62]
Variable oystercatcher Haematopus unicolor 4,000-4,300[63] LC[63] Increase[63] Estimate for mature individuals only.[63]
WrybillAnarhynchus frontalis4,500-5,000[64]VU[64]Decrease[64]Equal to 3,000-3,300 mature individuals.[64]
Madagascar pratincoleGlareola ocularis5,000-10,000[65]NT[65]Decrease[65]Equal to 3,300-6,700 mature individuals.[65]
Yellow-wattled lapwingVanellus malabaricus5,000-10,000[66]LC[66]Steady[66]Equal to 3,300-6,700 mature individuals.[66]
Japanese murreletSynthliboramphus wumizusume5,200-9,400[67]VU[67]Decrease[67]Estimate for mature individuals only.[67]
Beach thick-knee Esacus magnirostris 6,000[68] NT[68] Decrease[68] Mature individuals are estimated at 4,000. Subpopulations include 5,000 in Australia, 1,000 in Melanesia islands, and 10-20 in New Caledonia.[68]
White-fronted tern Sterna striata 6,120-25,120[69] NT[69] Decrease[69] Estimate is for mature individuals only. This estimate includes subspecies S. s. striata and S. s. aucklandorum.[69]
African oystercatcherHaematopus moquini6,670[70]LC[70]Increase[70]Equal to 4,450 mature individuals.[70]
Forbes's plover Charadrius forbesi 6,700-67,000[71] LC[71] Unknown[71]
Hooded plover Thinornis cucullatus 7,000[72] VU[72] Decrease[72] Estimate for mature individuals only. Split up into two subspecies: 3,000 cucullatus and 4,000 tregellasi.[72]
Guadalupe murreletSynthliboramphus hypoleucus7,500[73]EN[73]Decrease[73]Equal to 5,000 mature individuals.[73]
Black-winged lapwing Vanellus melanopterus 8,700-42,000[74] LC[74] Decrease[74] Estimate for mature individuals only.[74]
Moluccan woodcockScolopax rochussenii9,530-19,059[75]VU[75]Decrease[75]Estimate is for mature individuals only.[75]
Olrog's gullLarus atlanticus9,800-15,600[76]NT[76]Steady[76]Estimate for mature individuals only.[76]
Bristle-thighed curlewNumenius tahitiensis10,000[77]NT[77]Decrease[77]Estimate is for mature individuals only.[77]
Imperial snipeGallinago imperialis10,000[78]NT[78]Decrease[78]Preliminary minimum estimate. Equal to 6,700 mature individuals.[78]
Bush thick-knee Burhinus grallarius 10,000-15,000[79] LC[79] Decrease[79] Estimate is for mature individuals only.[79]
South polar skuaCatharacta maccormicki10,000-19,999[80]LC[80]Steady[80]Equal to 6,000-15,000 mature individuals.[80]
Grey-breasted seedsnipeThinocorus orbignyianus10,000-25,000[81]LC[81]Steady[81]Equal to 6,700-17,000 mature individuals.[81]
Malaysian ploverCharadrius peronii10,000-25,000[82]NT[82]Decrease[82]Equal to 6,700-17,000 mature individuals.[82]
Wandering tattlerTringa incanus10,000-25,000[83]LC[83]Steady[83]Equal to 6,700-17,000 mature individuals.[83]
Dolphin gullLarus scoresbii10,000-28,000[84]LC[84]Steady[84]Equal to 6,700-19,000 mature individuals.[84]
Pacific gull Larus pacificus 11,000[85] LC[85] Steady[85]
Grey pratincoleGlareola cinerea11,000-35,000[86]LC[86]Unknown[86]Equal to 7,300-23,000 mature individuals.[86]
Solitary snipeGallinago solitaria11,000-110,000[87]LC[87]Steady[87]Equal to 7,300-73,000 mature individuals.[87]
Piping ploverCharadrius melodus11,500-12,500[88]NT[88]Increase[88]Equal to 7,600-8,400 mature individuals. Based on recent census data.[88]
Craveri's murreletSynthliboramphus craveri12,000[89]VU[89]Decrease[89]Equal to 8,000 mature individuals.[89]
Black-faced sheathbillChionis minor13,000-20,000[90]LC[90]Decrease[90]Equal to 8,700-13,000 mature individuals.[90]
Senegal thick-knee Burhinus senegalensis 13,000-33,000[91] LC[91] Unknown[91] Estimate is for mature individuals only.[91]
African skimmerRynchops flavirostris15,000-25,000[92]LC[92]Decrease[92]Equal to 10,000-17,000 mature individuals.[92]
River lapwing Vanellus duvaucelii 15,000-29,999[93] NT[93] Decrease[93] Difficult to estimate. Equal to 10,000-19,999 mature individuals.[93]
Relict gullLarus relictus15,000-29,999[94]VU[94]Decrease[94]Equal to 10,000-19,999 mature individuals.[94]
Scripps's murrelet Synthliboramphus scrippsi 15,000-30,000[95] VU[95] Decrease[95] Equal to 10,000-19,999 mature individuals.[95]
Egyptian plover Pluvianus aegyptius 15,000-57,000[96] LC[96] Decrease[96] Estimate for mature individuals only.[96]
Sociable lapwingVanellus gregarius16,000-17,000[97]CR[97]Decrease[97]Population from extrapoplating estimation in Kazakhstan. Equal to 11,200 mature individuals.[97]
Chestnut-banded ploverCharadrius pallidus17,500-22,500[98]LC[98]Steady[98]Equal to 11,500-14,900 mature individuals. South African subpopulation estimated at 11,000-16,000 individuals.[98]
Double-banded plover Charadrius bicinctus 19,000[99] NT[99] Decrease[99] Equal to 13,000 mature individuals.[99]
Mountain ploverCharadrius montanus20,000[100]NT[100]Decrease[100]Estimate for mature individuals only.[100]
Latham's snipeGallinago hardwickii20,000-39,000[101]NT[101]Decrease[101]Estimate is for mature individuals only.[101]
Eastern curlewNumenius madagascariensis20,000-49,999[102]EN[102]Decrease[102]
Auckland snipe Coenocorypha aucklandica 20,000-49,999[103] NT[103] Steady[103] Estimate is for mature individuals only.[103]
White-tailed lapwing Vanellus leucurus 20,000-130,000[104] LC[104] Unknown[104] European subpopulation estimated at 1,100-10,200 mature individuals.[104]
Saunders's gullSaundersilarus saundersi21,000-22,000[105]VU[105]Decrease[105]Equal to 14,400 mature individuals.[105]
Asian dowitcherLimnodromus semipalmatus23,000[106]NT[106]Decrease[106]
Buff-breasted sandpiper Calidris subruficollis 23,000-84,000[107] NT[107] Decrease[107] Equal to 15,300-56,000 mature individuals.[107]
Snowy plover Charadrius nivosus 24,000-31,000[108] NT[108] Decrease[108] Estimate for mature individuals only.[108]
Grey gull Larus modestus 25,000[109] LC[109] Decrease[109]
Long-toed stintCalidris subminuta25,000[110]LC[110]Unknown[110]Minimum estimate.[110]
White tern Gygis alba 25,000-49,999[111] LC[111] Steady[111] Estimate is for mature individuals only.[111]
Grey-headed lapwingVanellus cinereus25,000-100,000[112]LC[112]Decrease[112]
Pectoral sandpiperCalidris melanotos25,000-100,000[113]LC[113]Steady[113]
Ross's gullRhodostethia rosea25,000-100,000[114]LC[114]Unknown[114]Equal to 15,000-70,000 mature individuals.[114]
Swinhoe's snipeGallinago megala25,000-100,000[115]LC[115]Unknown[115]
Australian gull-billed tern Gelochelidon marcotarsa 25,000-100,000[116] LC[116] Unknown[116]
Slaty-backed gull Larus schistisagus 25,000-1,000,000[117] LC[117] Unknown[117]
Blue noddyAnous ceruleus27,000-120,000[118]LC[118]Steady[118]Population combined with Anous albivitta.[118]
Great skuaStercorarius skua30,000-39,999[119]LC[119]Steady[119]Estimate for mature individuals only.[119]
River ternSterna aurantia30,000-100,000[120]VU[120]Decrease[120]Equal to 20,000-70,000 mature individuals.[120]
Blackish oystercatcher Haematopus ater 30,900-131,000[121] LC[121] Unknown[121] Equal to 20,900-87,300 mature individuals. Subspecies populations include H. a. ater at 22,000-120,000 individuals and H. a. bachmani at 8,900-87,300 individuals.[121]
Aleutian ternOnychoprion aleuticus31,000[122]VU[122]Decrease[122]Estimate for mature individuals only.[122]
Greater painted-snipe Rostratula benghalensis 31,000-1,000,000[123] LC[123] Decrease[123] Estimate is for mature individuals only.[123]
Audouin's gullLarus audouinii33,000-46,000[124]VU[124]Decrease[124]Estimate is for mature individuals only.[124]
Fynbos buttonquail Turnix hottentottus 33,206-132,169[125] LC[125] Decrease[125] Equal to 22,248-88,553 mature individuals. Estimate calculated from population density and range of habitat.[125]
Swallow-tailed gull Creagrus furcatus 35,000[126] LC[126] Unknown[126] Last estimate was made in 1984.[126]
Brown skuaCatharacta antarctica39,000-42,000[127]LC[127]Decrease[127]Equal to 26,000-28,000 mature individuals.[127]
Caspian plover Charadrius asiaticus 40,000-55,000[128] LC[128] Decrease[128]
Grey-tailed tattlerTringa brevipes44,000[129]NT[129]Decrease[129]Equal to 29,500 mature individuals.[129]
Kittlitz's murreletBrachyramphus brevirostris48,000-82,000[130]NT[130]Decrease[130]Equal to 32,000-55,000 mature individuals.[130]
Red-wattled lapwing Vanellus indicus 50,000-60,000[131] LC[131] Unknown[131] European subpopulation estimated at 100-200 mature individuals.[131]
Long-billed curlewNumenius americanus50,000-123,000[132]LC[132]Decrease[132]
Eurasian dotterelEudromias morinellus50,000-220,000[133]LC[133]Decrease[133]
Collared ploverCharadrius collaris50,000-499,999[134]LC[134]Decrease[134]Estimate for mature individuals only.[134]
Magellanic snipe Gallinago magellanica 50,000-1,027,000[135] LC[135] Decrease[135] Estimate for mature individuals only.[135]
Pintail snipe Gallinago stenura 50,000-2,000,000[136] LC[136] Unknown[136] European subpopulation is 4,000-10,000 mature individuals.[136]
Elegant tern Thalasseus elegans 51,000-90,000[137] NT[137] Steady[137]
White-eyed gullLarus leucophthalmus53,700-56,700[138]LC[138]Steady[138]Equal to 35,800-37,800 mature individuals.[138]
Ivory gullPagophila eburnea58,000-78,000[139]NT[139]Decrease[139]Equal to 38,000-52,000 mature individuals.[139]
Yellow-footed gull Larus livens 60,000[140] LC[140] Unknown[140] Equal to 40,000 mature individuals.[140]
Sharp-tailed sandpiperCalidris acuminata60,000-120,000[141]VU[141]Decrease[141]Best estimate is 73,000 mature individuals.[141]
Armenian gull Larus armenicus 68,000-110,000[142] LC[142] Increase[142] Equal to 45,000-73,000 mature individuals. European subpopulation estimated at 44,400-71,800 mature individuals.[142]
African three-branded plover Charadrius tricollaris 70,000-140,000[143] LC[143] Unknown[143]
Broad-billed sandpiperLimicola falcinellus71 000 – 160 000[144]LC[144]Decrease[144]
Hudsonian godwit Limosa haemastica 77,000[145] LC[145] Decrease[145] Estimate is for mature individuals only.[145]
Broad-billed sandpiper Calidris falcinellus 86,000-89,000[146] LC[146] Decrease[146] European subpopulation estimated at 59,400-88,200 mature individuals.[146]
Black-billed gull Larus bulleri 90,000-121,000[147] NT[147] Unknown[147] Estimate for mature individuals only.[147]
Little gullLarus minutus97,000-270,000[148]LC[148]Increase[148]European subpopulation estimated at 47,400-90,500 mature individuals.[148]
Whiskered aukletAethia pygmaea100,000[149]LC[149]Decrease[149]Minimum estimate. Equal to 67,000 mature individuals.[149]
Pheasant-tailed jacanaHydrophasianus chirurgus100,000[150]LC[150]Decrease[150]Minimum estimate.[150]
Chestnut-backed buttonquail Turnix castanotus 100,000[151] LC[151] Steady[151] Equal to 50,000 mature individuals. This is a possible estimate- no real data to support these number.[151]
Brown-headed gull Larus brunnicephalus 100,000-200,000[152] LC[152] Steady[152]
Kentish ploverCharadrius alexandrinus100,000-499,999[153]LC[153]Decrease[153]Preliminary estimate for mature individuals only.[153]
Iceland gull Larus glaucoides 100,000-499,999[154] LC[154] Steady[154] European subpopulation estimated at 150,000-300,000 individuals.[154]
South american snipe Gallinago paraguaiae 100,000-499,999[155] LC[155] Steady[155] Tentative estimate for mature individuals only.[155]
Red-legged kittiwakeRissa brevirostris100,000-499,999[156]VU[156]Decrease[156]Estimate is for mature individuals only.[156]
Grey-backed tern Onychoprion lunatus 100,000-1,000,000[157] LC[157] Decrease[157]
Spotted redshankTringa erythropus110,000-270,000[158]LC[158]Steady[158]European subpopulation estimated at 41,000-108,000 mature individuals.[158]
South island oystercatcher Haematopus finschi 113,000[159] LC[159] Decrease[159] Equal to 50,000-99,999 mature individuals.[159]
Western gull Larus occidentalis 115,500-118,500[160] LC[160] Increase[160]
Forster's tern Sterna forsteri 120,000[161] LC[161] Increase[161]
Pallas's gullLarus ichtyaetus125,000-1,100,000[162]LC[162]Increase[162]
Spur-winged lapwing Vanellus spinosus 130,000-800,000 LC[163] Increase[163] European subpopulation estimated at 2,100-3,200 mature individuals.[163]
Spectacled guillemotCepphus carbo140,000-148,000[164]LC[164]Decrease[164]
Solitary sandpiper Tringa solitaria 150,000[165] LC[165] Decrease[165]
Inca ternLarosterna inca150,000[166]NT[166]Decrease[166]Minimum estimate.[166]
Semipalmated ploverCharadrius semipalmatus150,000[167]LC[167]Steady[167]Minimum estimate.[167]
Black-winged pratincoleGlareola nordmanni150,000-190,000[168]NT[168]Decrease[168]Estimate for mature individuals only.[168]
Sooty gull Larus hemprichii 150,000-300,000[169] LC[169] Decrease[169]
Greater sand ploverCharadrius leschenaultii150,000-340,000[170]LC[170]Decrease[170]Equal to 100,000-225,000 mature individuals. European subpopulation estimated at 1,200-2,000 mature individuals.[170]
Greater crested ternThalasseus bergii150,000-1,100,000[171]LC[171]Steady[171]
Oriental ploverCharadrius veredus160,000[172]LC[172]Unknown[172]
Rock sandpiperCalidris ptilocnemis160,000-170,000[173]LC[173]Decrease[173]
Collared pratincole Glareola pratincola 160,000-600,000[174] LC[174] Decrease[174] European subpopulation estimated at 15,700-29,900 mature individuals.[174]
Terek sandpiperXenus cinereus160,000-1,200,000[175]LC[175]Decrease[175]European subpopulation estimated at 30,900-101,000 mature individuals.[175]
Temminck's stintCalidris temminckii165,000-1,255,000[176]LC[176]Unknown[176]Equal to 110,000-850,000 mature individuals. European subpopulation is 116,000-333,000 mature individuals.[176]
Little curlewNumenius minutus180,000[177]LC[177]Steady[177]Minimum estimate.[177]
Pacific golden ploverPluvialis fulva190,000-250,000[178]LC[178]Decrease[178]
Little ternSternula albifrons190,000-410,000[179]LC[179]Decrease[179]European subpopulation estimated at 71,900-106,000 mature individuals.[179]
Roseate ternSterna dougallii200,000-220,000[180]LC[180]Unknown[180]European subpopulation estimated at 4,500-5,800 mature individuals.[180]
Purple sandpiper Calidris maritima 200,000-299,999[181] LC[181] Decrease[181] European subpopulation estimated at 113,000-166,000 mature individuals.[181]
American golden ploverPluvialis dominica200,000[182]LC[182]Decrease[182]Minimum estimate.[182]
Pigeon guillemotCepphus columba235,000[183]LC[183]Steady[183]
Mediterranean gull Larus melanocephalus 236,000-650,000[184] LC[184] Decrease[184] Estimate for mature individuals only.[184]
Caspian ternSterna caspia250,000-470,000[185]LC[185]Increase[185]European subpopulation estimated at 23,600-29,600 mature individuals.[185]
Long-tailed jaeger Stercorarius longicaudus 250,000-749,999[186] LC[186] Steady[186] Preliminary estimate for mature individuals. European subpopulation estimated at 39,700-106,000 mature individuals.[186]
South american tern Sterna hirundinacea 250,000-1,000,000[187] LC[187] Decrease[187]
Bonaparte's gull Larus philadelphia 255,000-525,000[188] LC[188] Increase[188]
Marsh sandpiperTringa stagnatilis260,000-1,200,000[189]LC[189]Decrease[189]European subpopulation estimated at 24,100-60,600 mature individuals.[189]
Slender-billed gull Larus genei 280,000-345,000[190] LC[190] Unknown[190] Equal to 180,000-230,000 mature individuals. Revised estimate after taking European population into account. European subpopulation estimated at 107,550-172,500 individuals, or 71,700-115,000 mature individuals.[190]
Pied avocetRecurvirostra avosetta280,000-470,000[191]LC[191]Unknown[191]European subpopulation estimated at 117,000-149,000 mature individuals.[191]
Little ringed ploverCharadrius dubius280,000-530,000[192]LC[192]Steady[192]European subpopulation estimated at 269,000-524,000 mature individuals.[192]
Great knotCalidris tenuirostris292,000-295,000[193]EN [193]Decrease[193]
Baird's sandpiperCalidris bairdii300,000[194]LC[194]Steady[194]Minimum estimate. European subpopulation estimated at 1,000-2,000 mature individuals.[194]
Whiskered ternChlidonias hybrida300,000-1,500,000[195]LC[195]Steady[195]European subpopulation estimated at 133,000-215,000 mature individuals.[195]
Lesser sand ploverCharadrius mongolus310,000-390,000[196]LC[196]Unknown[196]
Great snipe Gallinago media 310,000-570,000[197] NT[197] Decrease[197] Equal to 204,000-379,000 mature individuals.[197]
Red-necked stintCalidris ruficollis315,000[198]NT[198]Unknown[198]
Sabine's gullXema sabini340,000[199]LC[199]Steady[199]Minimum estimate is for mature individuals only. European subpoluation estimated at 2,100-4,100 mature individuals.[199]
Heermann's gull Larus heermanni 350,000[200] NT[200] Unknown[200] Estimate for mature individuals only.[200]
Marbled murreletBrachyramphus marmoratus350,000-420,000[201]EN[201]Decrease[201]Equal to 240,000-280,000 mature individuals. Estimate comes from individual estimates in Alaska, British Columbia, Washington, Oregon and California.[201]
Eurasian stone-curlewBurhinus oedicnemus360,000-589,999[202]LC[202]Decrease[202]Preliminary estimate for mature individuals only. Europe subpopulation is estimated at 107,000-176,000 mature individuals.[202]
Lesser yellowlegs Tringa flavipes 400,000[203] LC[203] Decrease[203] Equal to 270,000 mature individuals.[203]
Long-billed dowitcherLimnodromus scolopaceus400,000[204]LC[204]Unknown[204]Minimum estimate.[204]
Pomarine jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus 400,000[205] LC[205] Steady[205] Preliminary estimate for mature individuals only. European subpopulation estimated at 40,000 mature individuals.[205]
Arctic jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus 400,000-560,000[206] LC[206] Steady[206] Preliminary estimate for mature individuals only. European subpopulation estimated at 79,800-112,000 mature individuals.[206]
Glaucous gullLarus hyperboreus400,000-1,500,000[207]LC[207]Steady[207]European subpopulation estimated at 93,000-270,000 mature individuals.[207]
Common ringed ploverCharadrius hiaticula415,000-1,400,000[208]LC[208]Decrease[208]European subpopulation estimated at 280,000-426,000 mature individuals.[208]
Common greenshankTringa nebularia440,000-1,500,000[209]LC[209]Steady[209]European subpopulation estimated at 197,000-405,000 mature individuals.[209]
Black guillemotCepphus grylle400,000-1,499,999[210]LC[210]Unknown[210]For mature individuals only. Very preliminary estimate based off of European subpopulation of 304,000-742,000 mature individuals.[210]
American herring gull Larus smithsonianus 430,000-520,000[211] LC[211] Decrease[211]
Black-winged stiltHimantopus himantopus450,000-780,000[212]LC[212]Increase[212]European subpopulation estimated at 108,000-151,000 mature individuals.[212]
American avocet Recurvirostra americana 460,000[213] LC[213] Steady[213] Estimate for mature individuals only.[213]
Ruddy turnstoneArenaria interpres460,000-730,000[214]LC[214]Decrease[214]Equal to 300,000-500,000 mature individuals. European subpopulation estimated at 71,800-154,000 mature individuals.[214]
Sandwich tern Thalasseus sandvicensis 490,000-640,000[215] LC[215] Steady[215] Equal to 325,000-430,000 mature individuals. European subpopulation estimated at 160,000-295,000 mature individuals.[215]
Great black-backed gull Larus marinus 500,000-999,999[216] LC[216] Unknown[216] European subpopulation estimated at 360,000-400,000 individuals.[216]
Double-striped thick-kneeBurhinus bistriatus500,000-4,999,999[217]LC[217]Steady[217]Estimate is for mature individuals only.[217]
Eurasian oystercatcherHaematopus ostralegus500,000-999,999[218]NT [218]Decrease[218]
Northern jacanaJacana spinosa500,000-4,999,999[219]LC[219]Unknown[219]Estimate for mature individuals only.[219]
Glaucous-winged gullLarus glaucescens570,000[220]LC[220]Increase[220]Minimum estimate.[220]
White-cheeked tern Sterna repressa 600,000[221] LC[221] Decrease[221] Equal to 400,000 mature individuals.[221]
Bridled ternSterna anaethetus610,000-1,500,000[222]LC[222]Unknown[222]Equal to 400,000-1,000,000 mature individuals.[222]
Black-tailed godwit Limosa limosa 614,000-809,999[223] NT[223] Decrease[223]
SanderlingCalidris alba620,000-700,000[224]LC[224]Unknown[224]European subpopulation is 50,100-100,000 mature individuals.[224]
California gull Larus californicus 621,000[225] LC[225] Decrease[225]
Grey ploverPluvialis squatarola738,000-935,000[226]LC[226]Decrease[226]Equal to 490,000-630,000 mature individuals. European subpopulation is 10,000-20,000 mature individuals.[226]
Upland sandpiper Bartramia longicauda 750,000[227] LC[227] Increase[227] Estimate is for mature individuals only.[227]
Black tern Childonias niger 800,000-1,750,000[228] LC[228] Decrease[228] European subpopulation estimated at 149,000-308,000 mature individuals.[228]
Eurasian curlewNumenius arquata835,000-1,310,000[229]NT[229]Decrease[229]
Red knotCalidris canutus891,000-979,000[230]NT [230]Decrease[230]Minimum estimate.[230]
Lesser black-backed gull Larus fuscus 940,000-2,070,000[231] LC[231] Increase[231] European subpopulation estimated at 1,200,000-1,400,000 individuals.[231]
RazorbillAlca torda979,000-1,020,000[232]NT[232]Decrease[232]
African jacanaActophilornis africanus1,000,000[233]LC[233]Steady[233]
KilldeerCharadrius vociferus1,000,000[234]LC[234]Decrease[234]
Jack snipeLymnocryptes minimus1 000 000[235]LC[235]Steady[235]Minimum estimate.[235]
Franklin's gull Larus pipixcan 1,000,000-1,490,000[236] LC[236] Increase[236]
Ancient murreletSynthliboramphus antiquus1,000,000-2,000,000[237]LC[237]Decrease[237]
WhimbrelNumenius phaeopus1,000,000-2,300,000[238]LC[238]Decrease[238]European subpopulation estimated at 687,000-805,000 mature individuals.[238]
Common redshankTringa totanus1,000,000-3,499,999[239]LC[239]Unknown[239]European subpopulation estimated at 680,000-968,000 mature individuals.[239]
Curlew sandpiperCalidris ferruginea1,085,000-1,285,000 [240]NT [240]Decrease[240]
Bar-tailed godwitLimosa lapponica1,099,000-1,149,000[241]NT [241]Decrease[241]
Black-tailed gullLarus crassirostris1,100,000[242]LC[242]Steady[242]Minimum estimate.[242]
Horned puffinFratercula corniculata1,200,000[243]LC[243]Decrease[243]Minimum estimate. Equal to 800,000 mature individuals.[243]
Lesser noddyAnous tenuirostris1,200,000[244]LC[244]Steady[244]Minimum estimate.[244]
Brown noddyAnous stolidus1,200,000-2,100,000[245]LC[245]Steady[245]Equal to 800,000-1,400,000 mature individuals.[245]
Green sandpiperTringa ochropus1,200,000-3,600,000[246]LC[246]Increase[246]European subpopulation estimated at 1,230,000-2,100,000 mature individuals.[246]
Black noddy Anous minutus 1,300,000[247] LC[247] Decrease[247] Estimate is for mature individuals only.[247]
Rhinoceros aukletCerorhinca monocerata1,300,000[248]LC[248]Decrease[248]Minimum estimate.[248]
European golden-ploverPluvialis apricaria1,300,000-1,750,000[249]LC[249]Increase[249]European subpopulation estimated at 1,890,000-2,600,000 individuals.[249]
Red phalaropePhalaropus fulicarius1,300,000-2,999,999[250]LC[250]Unknown[250]European subpopulation estimated at 1,100-3,400 mature individuals.[250]
Parakeet aukletAethia psittacula1,400,000[251]LC[251]Decrease[251]Estimate for mature individuals only.[251]
Little stintCalidris minuta1,500,000-1,600,000[252]LC[252]Decrease[252]Equal to 1,000,000-1,100,000 mature individuals. European subpopulation is 96,400-152,000 mature individuals.[252]
Ruff Calidris pugnax 1,500,000-9,999,999[253] LC[253] Decrease[253] Preliminary estimate based on European population.[253]
European herring gullLarus argentatus1,590,000-1,830,000[254]LC[254]Decrease[254]Equal to 1,060,000-1,220,000 mature individuals.[254]
Common ternSterna hirundo1,600,000-3,600,000[255]LC[255]Unknown[255]
Arctic ternSterna paradisaea2,000,000[256]LC[256]Decrease[256]Minimum estimate. European subpopulation estimated at 1,130,000-1,810,000 mature individuals.[256]
Wilson's snipe Gallinago delicata 2,000,000[257] LC[257] Increase[257] Estimate is for mature individuals only.[257]
Semipalmated sandpiperCalidris pusilla2,200,000[258]NT[258]Decrease[258]
Common gullLarus canus2,500,000-3,700,000[259]LC[259]Unknown[259]European subpopulation estimated at 1,280,000-2,160,000 mature individuals.[259]
Ring-billed gull Larus delawarensis 2,550,000[260] LC[260] Increase[260]
Common sandpiperActitis hypoleucos2,600,000-3,200,000[261]LC[261]Decrease[261]European subpopulation estimated at 1,590,000-2,920,000 mature individuals.[261]
Oriental pratincoleGlareola maldivarum2,900,000-3,000,000[262]LC[262]Decrease[262]
Wood sandpiperTringa glareola3,100,000-3,500,000[263]LC[263]Steady[263]European subpopulation estimated at 1,530,000-3,040,000 mature individuals.[263]
White-winged ternChlidonias leucopterus3,100,000-4,000,000[264]LC[264]Steady[264]European subpopulation estimated at 133,000-347,000 mature individuals.[264]
Kelp gullLarus dominicanus3,300,000-4,300,000[265]LC[265]Increase[265]
Tufted puffinFratercula cirrhata3,500,000[266]LC[266]Steady[266]Minimum estimate. Equal to 2,300,000 mature individuals.[266]
American woodcock Scolopax minor 3,500,000[267] LC[267] Decrease[267] Estimate is for mature individuals only.[267]
Red-necked phalaropePhalaropus lobatus3,600,000-4,500,000[268]LC[268]Decrease[268]European subpopulation estimated at 590,000-1,280,000 mature individuals.[268]
DunlinCalidris alpina4,300,000-6,799,999[269]LC[269]Decrease[269]European subpopulation is 853,000-1,120,000 mature individuals.[269]
Black-headed gullLarus ridibundus4,800,000-8,900,000[270]LC[270]Unknown[270]European subpopulation estimated at 4,000,000-5,970,000 individuals, or 2,670,000-3,980,000 mature individuals.[270]
Wattled jacana Jacana jacana 5,000,000-50,000,000[271] LC[271] Steady[271] Estimate for mature individuals only.[271]
Southern lapwingVanellus chilensis5,000,000-50,000,000[272]LC[272]Increase[272]Estimate is for mature individuals only.[272]
Cassin's auklet Ptychoramphus aleuticus 5,400,000[273] NT[273] Decrease[273] Equal to 3,600,000 mature individuals.[273]
Northern lapwingVanellus vanellus5,600,000-10,500,000[274]NT[274]Decrease[274]European subpopulation estimate is 3,190,000-5,170,000 mature individuals.[274]
Crested aukletAethia cristatella8,200,000[275]LC[275]Decrease[275]Minimum estimate. Equal to 5,500,000 mature individuals.[275]
Eurasian woodcockScolopax rusticola10,000,000-26,000,000[276]LC[276]Steady[276]European subpopulation equals 13,800,000-17,400,000 mature individuals.[276]
Atlantic puffin Fratercula arctica 12,000,000-14,000,000[277] VU[277] Decrease[277] For mature individuals only. European subpopulation estimated at 9,550,000-11,600,000 mature individuals.[277]
Black-legged kittiwakeRissa tridactyla14,600,000-15,700,000[278]VU[278]Decrease[278]European subpopulation estimated at 3,460,000-4,410,000 mature individuals.[278]
Common snipeGallinago gallinago15,000,000-29,000,000[279]LC[279]Decrease[279]Preliminary estimate for mature individuals only.[279]
Little aukAlle alle16,000,000-36,000,000[280]LC[280]Decrease[280]European subpopulation estimated at 9,200,000-82,000,000 mature individuals, therefore the global population is likely larger.[280]
Common murreUria aalge18,000,000[281]LC[281]Increase[281]Minimum estimate. European subpopulation estimated at 2,350,000-3,060,000 mature individuals.[281]
Least auklet Aethia pusilla 20,000,000[282] LC[282] Decrease[282] Estimate for mature individuals only.[282]
Thick-billed murreUria lomvia22,000,000[283]LC[283]Increase[283]Minimum estimate. European subpopulation estimated at 1,920,000-2,840,000 mature individuals. Russian subpopulation estimated at 10,000-1,000,000 breeding pairs.[283]
Sooty ternOnychoprion fuscatus35,000,000[284]LC[284]Unknown[284]Equal to 23,000,000 mature individuals.[284]

See also

References
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  67. IUCN (2018-08-07). "Synthliboramphus wumizusume: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T22694899A132580332". doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t22694899a132580332.en. S2CID 240342017. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  68. IUCN (2016-10-01). "Esacus magnirostris: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22728621A94992570". doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22728621a94992570.en. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
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  75. IUCN (2021-06-28). "Scolopax rochussenii: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2021: e.T22693068A203897409". doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2021-3.rlts.t22693068a203897409.en. S2CID 245163810. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  76. IUCN (2018-08-08). "Larus atlanticus: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T22694286A132538305". doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t22694286a132538305.en. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
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  83. IUCN (2016-10-01). "Tringa incana: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22693305A93395464". doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22693305a93395464.en. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  84. IUCN (2018-08-08). "Larus scoresbii: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T22694271A132537573". doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t22694271a132537573.en. S2CID 240308963. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  85. IUCN (2018-08-08). "Larus pacificus: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T22694279A132537859". doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2018-2.rlts.t22694279a132537859.en. S2CID 240297856. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
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  90. IUCN (2016-10-01). "Chionis minor: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22693567A93413079". doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2016-3.rlts.t22693567a93413079.en. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
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