List of wars involving Kazakhstan

After the fall of the Kimek-Kipchak confederation at the beginning of the 11th century. military-political hegemony on the territory of the former settlement of the Kimek, Kipchak and Cuman tribes passed into the hands of the Kipchak khans. The dynastic nobility of the Kipchaks who came to power began to take active steps in the southern and western directions, which led to direct contacts with the states of Central Asia and Southeast Europe.

Date	Conflict	Combatant I	Combatant II	Result for Kazakhstan	Khan
1035	Kipchak conquest of the Pontic-Caspian steppe	Cumania	Pechenegs Khazar tribes	Victory	Bolush Khan
1055-1223	Russo-Kipchak wars[1] Bonyak Khan's attack on Kyiv in 1096	Cumania	Kievan Rus’	Victory The capture of the Tmutarakan principality and Belaya Vezha by the Kipchaks	Sokal Khan Sharukan Bonyak Khan Tugorkan Kurya Khan Otrok Khan Könchek Khan
1065	Seljuk campaign against Cumania	Cumania	Seljuk Empire	Defeat Seljuk capture of Mangistau	Unknown
1068	Kipchak attack on Mangistau	Cumania	Seljuk Empire	Victory Kipchak recapture of Mangistau	Unknown
1070	First Kipchak Invasion of Hungary[2] Sack of Nir Province (Victory)	Cumania	Kingdom of Hungary	Victory	Sharukan
1091	Second Kipchak Invasion of Hungary Battle of the Temesh River (Defeat)	Cumania	Kingdom of Hungary	Defeat	Copulch Khan
1091	Battle of Levounion	Cumania  Byzantine Empire	Pechenegs	Victory	Bonyak Khan
1117	Invasion of the North Caucasus[3]	Cumania	North Caucasian peoples Durdzuketi Kingdom of Alania Pechenegs Tork people Circassians	Victory Truce between Kipchaks and Alans	Otrok Khan
1121	Battle of Didgori	Cumania Kingdom of Georgia	Seljuk Empire	Victory	Otrok Khan
1223	Battle of the Kalka River	Cumania	Mongol Empire	Defeat	Köten Khan
1228	Kipchak raid on Purgas Rus'[4]	Cumania	Kievan Rus’ Purgas Rus'	Victory	Köten Khan

Kazakh khanate was established by Janibek Khan and Kerei Khan in 1465. Both khans came from Turco-Mongol clan of Tore which traces its lineage to Genghis Khan through dynasty of Jochids. The Tore clan continued to rule the khanate until its fall to the Russian Empire.

From 16th to 17th century, the Kazakh Khanate ruled and expanded its territories to eastern Cumania (modern-day West Kazakhstan), to most of Uzbekistan, Karakalpakstan and the Syr Darya river with military confrontation as far as Astrakhan and Khorasan Province, which are now in Russia and Iran, respectively. The Khanate was later weakened by a series of Oirat and Dzungar invasions. These resulted in a decline and further disintegration into three Juzes, which gradually lost their sovereignty and were incorporated to the expanding Russian Empire in the 19th century.

Date	Conflict	Combatant I	Combatant II	Result for Kazakhstan	Khan/Leader
1468-1500	Kazakh War of Independence	Kazakh Khanate	Uzbek Khanate	Victory Kazakhs maintain independence from the Uzbek Khanate	Kerei Khan Janibek Khan Burunduk Khan
1502-1528	Persian-Uzbek wars Abulkhair Sultan, son of Kasym Khan, dies at the hands of Ismail Shah. Battle of Marv, 2 December 1510.	Kazakh Khanate Khanate of Bukhara	Safavid Iran Timurid Empire	Defeat	Kasym Khan
1509	2nd Kazakh-Uzbek War	Kazakh Khanate	Khanate of Bukhara	Victory	Kasym Khan
1522-1538	First Kazakh Khanate Civil War Kazakh Khanate during the First Civil War	Kazakhs of the first side	Kazakhs of the second side	Victory for Haqnazar Khan Unity of the Kazakh Khanate	First side: Taiyr Khan Toghym Khan Haqnazar Khan Second side: Ahmed Khan Buydash Khan
1523-1569	Kazakh War for Preservation	Kazakh-Kyrgyz alliance Kazakh Khanate Kyrgyz people	Anti-Kazakh coalition Nogai Horde Yarkent Khanate Khanate of Sibir Khanate of Khiva Supported by: Tsardom of Russia	Victory Kazakh expansion	Taiyr Khan Buydash Khan Ahmed Khan Toghym Khan Haqnazar Khan
1643-1756	Kazakh-Dzungar Wars Battle of Orbulaq Battle of Añyraqai	Kazakh Khanate	Dzungar Khanate	Victory Dzungar genocide Destruction of the Dzungar Khanate	Salqam Jangir Khan Bahadur Khan Tauke Khan Qaiyp Khan Bolat Khan Abulmambet Khan Ablai Khan
1690-1703	Clashes in the south of Western Siberia[5]	Kazakh Khanate	Tsardom of Russia	Victory Kazakhs raided Siberia	Tauke Khan
1709-1730	Conflicts between Kazakh Khanate and the Yaik Cossack Army[6]	Kazakh Khanate	Tsardom of Russia (1709-1721)  Russian Empire (1721-1730) Ural Cossacks Kalmyks Dzungar Khanate	Victory	Abul Khair Khan
1723-1724	Yaitsk-Volga offensive operation[7]	Kazakh Khanate	Russian Empire Kalmyks Ural Cossacks	Victory	Abul Khair Khan
1724	Campaign to Russia[8]	Kazakh Khanate	Russian Empire	Victory For three days of battles, the Russians lost 170 people killed, there were many wounded and prisoners	Abul Khair Khan
1731	Battles near the Omsk fortress[9]	Kazakh troop's	Russian Empire	Victory Kazakhs raided and attacked Russian lines and fortresses	Abul Khair Khan
1756-1757	Kazakh-Qing Wars	Kazakh Khanate	Qing Empire Kalmyks	Initial defeat, later victory[10]	Ablai-Sultan
1759-1779	Kazakh-Kyrgyz Wars	Kazakh Khanate	Kyrgyz Confederation	Victory	Ablai Khan
1771	Torghut escape	Kazakh Khanate Supported by:  Russian Empire	Kalmyks	Victory 100.000 Kalmyks were killed[11]	Ablai Khan
1774	Abylai Khan's invasion of Novo-Ishim Line[12]	Kazakh troops	Russian troops	Victory	Ablai Khan
1773-1775	Abylai Khan's invasions of Russian fortresses[13]	Kazakh troops	Russian troops	Victory	Ablai Khan
1775-1776	Movement of Koktemir	Junior Zhuz	Russian Empire	Victory Fulfilling the demands of the rebels	Sapura Matenkyzy
1779-1780	Zhaiyl massacre Taraz	Kazakh Khanate	Kyrgyz Confederation	Victory	Ablai Khan
1783-1797	Rebellion of Syrym Datov	Kazakh Khanate Junior Zhuz	Russian Empire	Inconclusive Suppression of the uprising Meeting the demands of the rebels	Syrym Datuly
1836-1838	Uprising in the Bukey Borde The battle of the Ural Cossacks with the Kazakhs	Kazakh Rebels	Russian Empire Bukey Horde	Defeat Suppression of the uprising	Isatay Taymanuly Makhambet Otemisuly
1837-1847	Uprising of Kenesary Kasymov Kazakh-Russian Wars (Victory) Kenesary Khan's invasion of Kara-Kyrgyz Khanate (Defeat) The raid of the Cossacks on the Kazakh settlement.	Kazakh Khanate	Russian Empire Khanate of Kokand Kara-Kyrgyz Khanate	Initial victory, later defeat Fall of the Kazakh Khanate	Kenesary Kasymov

In 1847, the khan's power in the Kazakh zhuzes was abolished, and the territory as an administrative unit was included in the Russian Empire.

Date	Conflict	Combatant I	Combatant II	Result for Kazakhstan	Leader
1847	Battle of the Emba[14]	Junior Zhuz	Russian Empire	Victory	Eset Kotibaruli
1847	Assault on Russian fortification Ilek[15]	Junior Zhuz	Russian Empire	Victory	Eset Kotibaruli
1847-1858	Anti-Colonial uprising Attacks on Russian military units (Victory) Attacks on Russian caravans (Victory) Attacks on Russian fortifications (Victory)	Junior Zhuz	Russian Empire	Inconclusive	Eset Kotibaruli
1856	Siege of Kazaly[16]	Senior Zhuz	Russian Empire	Victory	Zhankozha Nurmukhamedov
1858	Anti-Khiva uprising	Junior Zhuz	Khanate of Khiva Khanate of Kokand	Victory	Eset Kotibaruli
1868-1869	Uprising in the Ural and Turgay regions[17] Battle of Zhamansay (Victory) Stand at the lake Zhamansay (Victory) Verevkin's expedition (Defeat)	Torgay Oblast Ural Oblast	Russian Empire	Defeat	Seil Turkebaiuly Azbergen Munaytpasov Berkin Ospanuly
1870	First Adayev uprising[18] Kazakhs from the Aday tribe Rukin's expedition (Victory) Battle of Buzachi (Victory) Defense of the Alexander Fort (Defeat)	Aday tribe	Russian Empire Caucasus Military District	Initial victory, later defeat According to the old customs, tribal biys were appointed to govern.	Isa Tlenbaev Dosan Tazhiev Yerzhan Kulov Ermembet Kulov Kutzhan Orakov
1873	Second Adayev uprising[19]	Aday tribe	Russian Empire	Defeat	Unkhown
1916-1917	Central Asian revolt of 1916 Amangeldy Imanov (1873-1919). Postage stamp of the USSR 1961.	Turkic tribal confederations[20] Kazakh rebels Kyrgyz rebels Turkish captives	Russian Turkestan Emirate of Bukhara[21] Kazakh tribes[21]	Defeat Revolt suppressed	Amangeldy Imanov

Kazakhs, tired of almost a century of Russian colonization, started to rise up. In the 1870s-80s, schools in Kazakhstan massively started to open, which developed elite, future Kazakh members of the Alash party. In 1916, after conscription of Muslims into the military for service in the Eastern Froby during World War I, Kazakhs and Kyrgyzs rose up against the Russian government, with uprisings until February 1917.

The state was proclaimed during the Second All-Kazakh Congress held at Orenburg from 5–13 December 1917 OS (18-26 NS), with a provisional government being established under the oversight of Alikhan Bukeikhanov. However, the nation's purported territory was still under the de facto control of the region's Russian-appointed governor, Vassily Balabanov, until 1919. In 1920, he fled the Russian Red Army for self-imposed exile in China, where he was recognised by the Chinese as Kazakhstan's legitimate ruler.

Following its proclamation in December 1917, Alash leaders established the Alash Orda, a Kazakh government which was aligned with the White Army and fought against the Bolsheviks in the Russian Civil War. In 1919, when the White forces were losing, the Alash Autonomous government began negotiations with the Bolsheviks. By 1920, the Bolsheviks had defeated the White Russian forces in the region and occupied Kazakhstan. On 17 August 1920, the Soviet government established the Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic, which in 1925 changed its name to Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic, and finally to Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic in 1936.

Date	Conflict	Combatant I	Combatant II	Result for Kazakhstan	Leader
1918	Night attack at Gavrilovka[22]	Alash Autonomy Alash Autonomy Militia	RSFSR	Victory Alash troops massacred 100 Red Army soldiers	Alikhan Bukeikhanov
1918-1919	Semirechye front[23] Semirechye Oblast in 1900	Alash Autonomy Alash Autonomy Militia	RSFSR	Victory The fall of the Cherkasy defense The retreat of the Red Army Massacres in Semirechye
1919	Aktobe operation.[24]	Alash Autonomy Militia White army	RSFSR	Defeat
1919	Spring offensive of the White Army The offensive in the spring of 1919 Kolchak's army	Alash Autonomy Alash Autonomy Militia White army	RSFSR	Victory
1919	Turgai uprising (1919)[25] Turgai Oblast in 1914	Alash Autonomy Alash Autonomy Militia	RSFSR Red Kazakhs	Victory Death of Amangeldy Imanov
1919	Anti-Soviet uprising in Tashkent[26][27][28][29]	Alash Autonomy Alash Autonomy Militia White army	RSFSR	Defeat Suppression of the uprising
1919	Battle of Uralsk	Alash Autonomy Alash Autonomy Militia	RSFSR	Victory Defeat of Mikhail Frunze 2000 Red Army soldiers were killed, 2500 were taken prisoner
1919-1920	Ural-Guryev operation Ural Oblast in 1900	Alash Autonomy Alash Autonomy Militia White army	RSFSR	Defeat The Ural Oblast is occupied by the Red Army.

The Kazakh ASSR was originally created as the Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (not to be confused with Kirghiz ASSR of 1926–1936, on 26 August 1920 and was an autonomous republic within the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic.

At 2,717,300 square kilometres (1,049,200 sq mi) in area, it was the second-largest republic in the USSR, after the Russian SFSR. Its capital was Alma-Ata (today known as Almaty). During its existence as a Soviet Socialist Republic, it was ruled by the Communist Party of the Kazakh SSR (QKP).

Date	Conflict	Combatant I	Combatant II	Result for Kazakhstan	Leader
1916-1934	Basmachi movement	RSFSR Kazakh ASSR	Basmachi movement	Victory	Viktor Ivanovich Naneishvili Filipp Goloshchyokin Levon Mirzoyan
1941-1945	World War II Raising a Flag over the Reichstag, by Yevgeny Khaldei	Allied Powers:  Soviet Union  Kazakh SSR  USA  United Kingdom  Republic of China  France  Poland  Czechoslovakia  Kingdom of Yugoslavia  Kingdom of Greece  Denmark  Norway  Netherlands  Belgium  Luxemburg  Canada  Australia  New Zealand  India  Union of South Africa	Axis Powers:  Nazi Germany  Japanese Empire  Kingdom of Italy	Victory	Joseph Stalin

Kazakhstan was the last of the Soviet republics to declare independence during the dissolution of the Soviet Union from 1988 to 1991.

Date	Conflict	Combatant I	Combatant II	Result for Kazakhstan	President
1991-1999	Liquidation of Russian separatism in Kazakhstan Ural events (1991) [30] Ust-Kamenogorsk events (1994) Kazakh-Russian conflict (1994-1995) Uprising in Kokshetau (1996) Pugachev rebellion (1999)[31]	Kazakhstan NSC	Russian separatists Ural Cossacks Semirechye Cossacks	Victory Territorial integrity of the Republic of Kazakhstan preserved	Nursultan Nazarbayev
1992-1997	Tajikistani Civil War	CSTO  Kazakhstan	United Tajik Opposition Jamiat-e Islami (until 1996) Afghanistan (until 1996) Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin (until 1996) Taliban factions	Military stalemale United Nations-sponsored armistice Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed Rahmon wins the 1999 Tajik presidential election The United Tajik Opposition is promised 30 percent of the ministerial positions	Nursultan Nazarbayev
1996-2001	Afghan Civil War	Kazakhstan  Islamic State of Afghanistan	Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan  al-Qaeda Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan East Turkistan Islamic Party Tanzeem-e-Nifaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi  Pakistan	Military stalemale Continued clashes until the US-led invasion of Afghanistan Taliban control up to 85% of Afghanistan including the capital Kabul Civil war continues	Nursultan Nazarbayev
2000-2001	Attempted invasion of Northern Kazakhstan[32]	Kazakhstan Supported by:  Russia	Armed formations of Eduard Limonov	Victory Eduard Limonov was arrested	Nursultan Nazarbayev
2002–present	Operation Enduring Freedom - Horn of Africa	Kazakhstan NATO	Insurgents: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (from 2015) al-Qaeda (from 2002) Al-Shabaab (from 2006) al-Itihaad al-Islamiya (2002–06) Hizbul Islam (2009–14) Ras Kamboni Brigades (2007–10) Jabhatul Islamiya (2007–09) Mu'askar Anole (2007–09)	Ongoing 21 high level Al-Shabaab leaders killed[33]	Nursultan Nazarbayev (2002-2019) Kassym-Jomart Tokayev (2019-present)
2003-2011	Iraq War	Kazakhstan  United States MNF–I  United Kingdom  New Iraqi government  Iraqi Kurdistan	Iraq (2003)	Victory Overthrow of Saddam Hussein	Nursultan Nazarbayev
2016	Aktobe shootings	Kazakhstan National Guard of Kazakhstan	Islamic extremists	Victory The terrorists were caught	Nursultan Nazarbayev
2022	Kazakh unrest Counterterrorist forces in search for anti-government peoples at a parking lot in Almaty, 8 January 2022	Government of Kazakhstan  CSTO	Kazakh Opposition	Ceasefire Mass looting and chaos in Almaty from 5 January to 8 January Nationwide state of emergency from 5 January to 20 January CSTO forces in Kazakhstan from 6 January to 20 January Removal of Nazarbayev as chairman of Security Council Resignation of Prime Minister Askar Mamin and his government Removal of Murat Bektanov as Minister of Defence Restoration of vehicle fuel price caps of 50 tenge per litre for 6 months	Kassym-Jomart Tokayev

• Cumania

• Mongol Empire

• Genghis Khan

• Tore

• Golden Horde

• Kazakh Khanate

• Kenesary Kasymov

• USSR

• World War II

• Republic of Kazakhstan

• Nursultan Nazarbayev

• Iraq War