2023 North Indian Ocean cyclone season

Depression (IMD)
Duration	30 January – 2 February
Peak intensity	45 km/h (30 mph) (3-min) 1004 hPa (mbar)

On 25 January, a cyclonic circulation formed over the equatorial Indian Ocean and the adjoining Bay of Bengal.[6] Under an influence of cyclonic circulation, a low-pressure area formed on 27 January.[7] Substantially, it concentrated into a well-marked low-pressure area on 29 January.[8] During the next day, the well-marked low organized to depression.[9] The JTWC later issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) for the system.[10] However, increasing land interaction with Sri Lanka prompted the JTWC to downgrade the system's chance for development to medium and subsequently canceling its TCFA.[11] The disturbance finally weakened into a well-marked low pressure over Gulf of Mannar on 2 February.[12]

Extremely severe cyclonic storm (IMD)
Category 5 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
Duration	9 May – 15 May
Peak intensity	215 km/h (130 mph) (3-min) 931 hPa (mbar)

A circulation formed on 6 May over the Bay of Bengal as a result of the amplitude of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), according to the IMD.[13] The JTWC also began monitoring the system on 7 May, marking its flaring convection to the west of the circulation.[14] On 9 May, the system was upgraded to a depression.[15] The JTWC later issued a TCFA on the system as it was situated in very warm sea surface temperatures.[16] The storm subsequently intensified into a deep depression at 03:00 UTC of 9 May,[17] before upgrading further to a cyclonic storm on 11 May, attaining the name Mocha.[18] The JTWC followed suit in upgrading the system to tropical cyclone status the same day.[19] Mocha quickly intensified to a severe cyclonic storm at 12:00 UTC after reaching winds of 105 km/h (65 mph).[20] Satellite imagery showed the formation of a ragged eye structure.[21] On 12 May, Mocha became a very severe cyclonic storm.[22] Mocha rapidly intensified to an extremely severe cyclonic storm at 18:00 UTC,[23] before undergoing an eyewall replacement cycle.[24] After having completing the cycle on 13 May, Mocha intensified to a Category 4-equivalent tropical cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale.[25] Mocha reached a peak intensity as a Category 5-equivalent tropical cyclone the next day,[26] shortly before the storm entered unfavorable conditions.[27] Mocha weakened before making landfall near Sittwe of Myanmar.[28] Mocha began to rapidly weaken after landfall from Myanmar's terrain, with wind shear also degrading the storm.[29] The system downgraded to a depression on 15 May,[30] shortly before becoming marked as a low-pressure area.[31] Mocha's remnants later moved over Yunnan and caused a blizzard.[32]